Principlev1
Engage in retrieval practice rather than passive re-reading
Engage in retrieval practice rather than passive re-reading during review, because effortful reconstruction strengthens memory while recognition produces only false familiarity.
Why This Is a Principle
Grounded in Encoding Depth Determines Retention (encoding depth determines retention), Externalization Exposes Hidden Structure (generation reveals gaps), and Exponential Information Decay (decay without rehearsal). Derives from Bjork's desirable difficulties research and Roediger & Karpicke's demonstration that retrieval practice produces 4x better retention than restudying. Prescribes active questioning during review rather than passive scanning.